Rakesh Sharma: The First Indian In Space

Some unknown facts
Taranah-e-Hindi or Saare Jahan Se Accha, Hindustan Hamara was penned by the poet, Muhammad Iqbal in 1904 but was eternalised in the year, 1984 by the first Indian in space, Rakesh Sharma. Born on January 13 in the year 1949, he celebrates his 67th birthday today.

• On Rakesh Sharma's 67th birthday, listed are some facts you should definitely know about the first Indian to travel in space
• Born in Patiala, Punjab, Sharma, as a young boy, studied in Hyderabad.
• After completing his education, he enrolled in the National Defense Academy (NDA) as an Air Force trainee in 1966.
• The focused and dedicated student was commissioned into the Indian Air Force to become a pilot, four years after he completed his training.
• Joining the Indian Air Force as a test pilot, he rolled open several opportunities such as being a part of war operations against Pakistan.
• As a part of a joint programme between the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and the Soviet Intercosmos space programme, Sharma was selected on September 20, 1982 to become a cosmonaut and go into space.
• When he flew aboard the Soyuz T-11, on April 2 in 1984, he became the first citizen of India to go into space.
• He spent seven days 21 hours and 40 minutes in space.
• His work was in the arenas of bio-medicine and remote sensing.
• While in space, the whole crew had a television news conference with officials in Moscow and the then Indian Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi.
• Saare Jahan Se Achcha were the words Sharma recited when he was asked how India looks from outer space by Indira Gandhi.
• He became the 128th person to travel to space and India became the 14th nation to send a man to outer space.
• A few years later, he became a part of Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) as a test pilot.
• He was conferred with the Hero of Soviet Union upon his home coming.
• Sharma was also conferred with the Ashoka Chakra.

Abhinav Bindra Awards

Abinav Bindra is the Olympic gold winner of India that has made the billion plus citizens of nation proud with his exemplary performance in Olympics. He is the first ever Indian to win the individual Olympic gold medal in 108 years. He is a remarkable shooter that has inspired millions of sportsperson in the country to nurture and work for Olympic Gold.

Abhinav was born in Dehra Dun to Dr.Apjit Bindra and Babli Bindra. His parents own the business and promote the Hi-tech Group of companies. He hails from rich Punjabi Khatri family and completed his studies from Dun School, Dehradun; St. Stephens School, Chandigarh and Colorado University. From the childhood, Abhinav had a keen interest in Shooting. He has started shooting as a professional sports at an early age of 15. He became the youngest Indian athlete that represented India at 2000 Olympic Games.

Abhinav won the bronze medal at the Junior World Cup at Munich in 2001. He had created world record in that event. He had won the gold medal at 2002 Manchester Commonwealth games. In 2001, he was awarded with Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award.

At Beijing Olympics Games 2008, Abhinav Bindra became the first Indian to win an Individual Olympic gold medal in 10mt air rifle shooting. Earlier the gold medal was won by Indian hockey team in 1980. He became qualified for the Beijing Olympics by winning the gold medal at the 2006 ISSF World Shooting Championships. On his return home after winning the Gold medal for India, he was rewarded by many state govts and private associations for such a remarkable feat.

Some of the rewards given to Abhinav Bindra include the following.

Rs. 1 crore cash award by Punjab State Government

Rs. 25 lakh cash award by the Haryana State Government

Rs. 25 lakh cash award by the BCCI

Rs. 15 lakh money award by Steel Ministry of India

In addition to numerous cash rewards by various organisations, Abhinav Bindra receives a free lifetime railway pass by Railway Ministry of India.

Heart Diseases - Causes & Prevention

• Lifestyle And Home Remedies 

Heart disease can be improved — or even prevented — by making certain lifestyle changes. The following changes can help anyone who wants to improve heart health:

• Stop smoking. Smoking is a major risk factor for heart disease, especially atherosclerosis. Quitting is the best way to reduce your risk of heart disease and its complications.
• Control your blood pressure. Ask your doctor for a blood pressure measurement at least every two years. He or she may recommend more frequent measurements if your blood pressure is higher than normal or you have a history of heart disease. Optimal blood pressure is less than 120 systolic and 80 diastolic, as measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg).
• Check your cholesterol. Ask your doctor for a baseline cholesterol test when you're in your 20s and then at least every five years. You may need to start testing earlier if high cholesterol is in your family. If your test results aren't within desirable ranges, your doctor may recommend more frequent measurements.

     Most people should aim for an LDL level        below 130 milligrams per deciliter                  (mg/dL), or 3.4 millimoles per liter                  (mmol/L). If you have other risk factors          for heart disease, you should aim for an        LDL below 100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L). If            you're at very high risk of heart disease       if you've already had a heart attack or            have diabetes, for example — aim for an      even lower LDL level — below 70 mg/dL       (1.8 mmol/L).

• Keep diabetes under control. If you have diabetes, tight blood sugar control can help reduce the risk of heart disease.
• Move. Exercise helps you achieve and maintain a healthy weight and control diabetes, elevated cholesterol and high blood pressure — all risk factors for heart disease. If you have a heart arrhythmia or heart defect, there may be some restrictions on the activities you can do, so talk to your doctor.

     With your doctor's OK, aim for 30 to 60           minutes of physical activity most days of       the week.

• Eat healthy foods. A heart-healthy diet based on fruits, vegetables and whole grains — and low in saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium and added sugar — can help you control your weight, blood pressure and cholesterol.
• Maintain a healthy weight. Being overweight increases your risk of heart disease. A BMI of less than 25 and a waist circumference of 35 inches (88.9 centimeters) or less is the goal for preventing and treating heart disease.
• Manage stress. Reduce stress as much as possible. Practice techniques for managing stress, such as muscle relaxation and deep breathing.
• Deal with depression. Being depressed can increase your risk of heart disease significantly. Talk to your doctor if you feel hopeless or uninterested in your life.
• Practice good hygiene. Stay away from people with infectious diseases such as colds, get vaccinated against the flu, regularly wash your hands, and brush and floss your teeth regularly to keep yourself well.

Tips for Surviving a Horrible Allergy Season

This year, April really was the cruelest month for people with allergies — and the rest of spring is looking pretty mean too.

Blame a perfect storm of weather conditions for the season's awful allergies, including a snowy, rainy winter in some parts of the country that led to an abundance of tree and grass pollen; a sudden shift from wintry to warm weather that encouraged the pollen's release; and windy conditions that sent particles airborne, where they enter our noses, throats, and eyes and trigger symptoms that range from congestion, sneezing, and itchy eyes to headaches, diarrhea, and even depression.

Indeed, pollen and mold spore counts hit all-time highs in certain parts of the country, making people prone to seasonal allergies even more miserable than usual, and even setting off allergies in people who usually don't get them. "It's been a difficult and intense spring for people with allergies," says Mitchell R. Lester, MD, president of the New England Society of Allergy.
The five worst cities for allergies this spring are Knoxville, Tenn; Louisville, Ky; Charlotte, N.C.; Jackson, Miss., and Chattanooga, Tenn., according to the Asthma and Allergy Foundation, which uses an algorithm that includes airborne pollen and mold counts, and the number of allergy medications taken and allergy specialists available in each city.

Tips For Survive the Reason

• Determine if it's really allergies. The sudden swing from cool to warm weather can make it hard to tell an allergic reaction from a cold or virus, particularly if you don't usually get seasonal allergies. Neil L. Kao, MD, director of research at the Allergic Disease & Asthma Center in Greenville, S.C., says to suspect allergies if your congestion lasts for more than two weeks; if your eyes, nose, and the top of your mouth itch; if your mucus is thin and clear; or if your symptoms seem to get worse after you're exposed to triggers, such as spending a day at the park or running outside. The absence of fever and aches is another clue it's probably allergies and not a cold or other virus.
• Head to your drugstore for symptom relief. Your go-to meds may not work as well this year if your symptoms are worse, so you may need to experiment with other kinds, or use multiple drugs, to get relief. Over-the-counter decongestants will help relieve a stuffy nose; antihistamines can tackle sniffles and itching. If you take the indicated dosage and it doesn't work, it may be that your individual metabolism is a mismatch for that particular medication. "Try switching to other brands and types until you find the right fit and combination," says Dr. Kao. If you're really suffering, see an allergist who can prescribe medications that are longer-acting and non-sedating. And if your allergies are severe, consider getting immunotherapy shots for long-term relief.
• Kick off your shoes and work clothes as soon as you get home. Don't drag allergens throughout your home, where they'll continue to cause your symptoms to act up. Remove your shoes outside the door and throw your clothes in the hamper and change into something else. Shower at night to wash off any lingering pollen from your body and hair before you get into bed. Have a dog or outdoor cat? Wipe their paws and fur when they enter your home too, since pollen can cling to them.
• Take your workout indoors. Check pollen counts in the morning and try to stay indoors when they're high. This may mean trading your daily neighborhood stroll for a treadmill at the gym or an exercise DVD in your living room. Pollen tends to be highest in the mid- to late-afternoon, so try to run errands first thing in the morning or after work instead of during your lunch break.
• Get window savvy. If you're allergic to pollen, keep your windows closed and run an air conditioner. On the other hand, if you're allergic to indoor allergies like mold and dust, throw the windows open and let in the fresh air, which can help clear allergens from your home.
• Wear a mask for outdoor chores. When you're tending your garden or yard, a surgical mask can help minimize your exposure to pollen particles. Look for ones marked N95, which means they meet the standards of the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health by filtering out 95 percent of particles.
• Take allergy symptoms seriously. You may brush off your nasal congestion or lingering headache as "just allergies," but the truth is that allergy symptoms can take a big toll on your well-being. If you feel totally lousy, give in to your body: Rest, go to bed early, take a sick day. Overdoing it and running around when you feel awful will only make you feel worse.

The Taj Mahal - The Name Is Enough

History
"A white marble tomb built in 1631-48 in Agra, seat of the Mugal Empire, by Shah Jehan for his wife, Arjuman Banu Begum, the monument sums up many of the formal themes that have played through Islamic architecture. Its refined elegance is a conspicuous contrast both to the Hindu architecture of pre-Islamic India, with its thick walls, corbeled arches, and heavy lintels, and to the Indo-Islamic styles, in which Hindu elements are combined with an eclectic assortment of motifs from Persian and Turkish sources."

Taj Mahal is regarded as one of the eight wonders of the world, and some Western historians have noted that its architectural beauty has never been surpassed. The Taj is the most beautiful monument built by the Mughals, the Muslim rulers of India. Taj Mahal is built entirely of white marble. Its stunning architectural beauty is beyond adequate description, particularly at dawn and sunset. The Taj seems to glow in the light of the full moon. On a foggy morning, the visitors experience the Taj as if suspended when viewed from across the Jamuna river.

Taj Mahal was built by a Muslim, Emperor Shah Jahan (died 1666 C.E.) in the memory of his dear wife and queen Mumtaz Mahal at Agra, India. It is an "elegy in marble" or some say an expression of a "dream." Taj Mahal (meaning Crown Palace) is a Mausoleum that houses the grave of queen Mumtaz Mahal at the lower chamber. The grave of Shah Jahan was added to it later. The queen’s real name was Arjumand Banu. In the tradition of the Mughals, important ladies of the royal family were given another name at their marriage or at some other significant event in their lives, and that new name was commonly used by the public. Shah Jahan's real name was Shahab-ud-din, and he was known as Prince Khurram before ascending to the throne in 1628

Design & Construction of Taj Mahal

Taj Mahal was constructed over a period of twenty-two years, employing twenty thousand workers. It was completed in 1648 C.E. at a cost of 32 Million Rupees. The construction documents show that its master architect was Ustad ‘Isa, the renowned Islamic architect of his time. The documents contain names of those employed and the inventory of construction materials and their origin. Expert craftsmen from Delhi, Qannauj, Lahore, and Multan were employed. In addition, many renowned Muslim craftsmen from Baghdad, Shiraz and Bukhara worked on many specialized tasks.
The mausoleum is a part of a vast complex comprising of a main gateway, an elaborate garden, a mosque (to the left), a guest house (to the right), and several other palatial buildings. The Taj is at the farthest end of this complex, with the river Jumna behind it. The large garden contains four reflecting pools dividing it at the center. Each of these four sections is further subdivided into four sections and then each into yet another four sections. Like the Taj, the garden elements serve like Arabesque, standing on their own and also constituting the whole.
The minarets have an octagonal base and cylindrical body tapering to an eight-sided open pavilion. The body of the minarets is sectioned by three balconies which create shadows and interest in an otherwise plain design. An exquisite band of marble inlay and geometric patterns sporting the chevron design encircle the minaret below the top balcony. The summit of the gold gilded finial perched on the top of the dome of the Taj Mahal reaches two hundred and twenty feet [67 meters] above the ground. At the top sits a lotus bud and under this is a water pot. This arrangement was adapted to the Islamic domain from the 12th century.

Its function is purely decorative, accompanying the form of the dome.

26/11 Mumbai Attack

In November 2008, 10 members of Lashkar-e-Taiba, an  Islamic Millitant organisation based in Pakistan, carried out a series of 12 coordinated shooting and bombing attacks lasting four days across Mumbai.The attacks, which drew widespread global condemnation, began on Wednesday, 26 November and lasted until Saturday, 29 November 2008, killing 164 people and wounding at least 308.

Eight of the attacks occurred in South Mumbai: at Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, The Oberoi Trident, The Taj Mahal Palace & Tower, Leopold Cafe, Cama Hospital, The Nariman House Jewish community centre, The Metro Cinema, and in a lane behind The Times of India building and St. Xavier's College. There was also an explosion atMazagaon, in Mumbai's port area, and in a taxi at Vile Parle. By the early morning of 28 November, all sites except for the Taj Hotel had been secured by Mumbai Police and security forces. On 29 November, India'sNational Security Guards (NSG) conducted 'Operation Black Tornado' to flush out the remaining attackers; it resulted in the deaths of the last remaining attackers at the Taj Hotel and ending all fighting in the attacks.

Ajmal Kasab disclosed that the attackers were members of Lashkar-e-Taiba, among others.The Government of India said that the attackers came from Pakistan, and their controllers were in Pakistan.On 7 January 2009, Pakistan confirmed the sole surviving perpetrator of the attacks was a Pakistani citizen. On 9 April 2015, the foremost ringleader of the attacks, Zaki ur Rehman Lakhvi, was granted bail against surety bonds of ₨200,000 (US$2,000).

The Man Who Never Died

In 1914, Joe Hill was convicted of murder in Utah and sentenced to death by firing squad, igniting international controversy. Many believed Hill was innocent, condemned for his association with the Industrial Workers of the World -- the radical Wobblies. Now, following four years of intensive investigation, William M. Adler gives us the first full-scale biography of Joe Hill, and presents never before published documentary evidence that comes as close as one can to definitively exonerating him.

Joe Hill's gripping tale is set against a brief but electrifying moment in American history, between the century's turn and World War I, when the call for industrial unionism struck a deep chord among disenfranchised workers; when class warfare raged and capitalism was on the run. Hill was the union's preeminent songwriter, and in death, he became organized labor's most venerated martyr, celebrated by Woody Guthrie and Bob Dylan, and immortalized in the ballad "I Dreamed I Saw Joe Hill Last Night."

The Man Who Never Died does justice to Joe Hill's extraordinary life and its controversial end. Drawing on extensive new evidence, Adler deconstructs the case against his subject and argues convincingly for the guilt of another man. Reading like a murder mystery, and set against the background of the raw, turn-of-the-century West, this essential American story will make news and expose the roots of critical contemporary issues.

Aarushi Talwar's grandfather breaks his silence with an open letter

The infamous Aarushi Talwar murder case took five long years to reach its judgment which too is criticized by some for its weak evidence. The murder mystery was full of speculations and allegations which the defense lawyers believe got too personal. 

It was in 2013 that Aarushi Talwar's parents, the main suspects, were convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment. However, the Talwars have approached the Allahabad High Court challenging the present judgement. 

Amidst all the drama, judgment and the massive media coverage the case received, Aarushi's grandparents pledged by silence throughout. For the first time in 7 years Aarushi's grandfather Group Captain BG Chitnis (Retired) VSM came out with an open letter. 

He expressed the grief of his loss and what Aarushi's presence meant for the family. "I had seen her blossom into a doe eyed, beautiful, radiant and sparkling young girl who brought into our lives boundless happiness and joy," wrote the war veteran.

The war veteran wrote at length about the condition of Aarushi's parents post her death and how the investigation was full of loopholes. 

"UP Police had repeatedly warned us not to talk, as it would adversely impact the case but their motive was otherwise. They wanted to keep us away from the media to hide their incompetence," revealed the grandfather.

The judgement against Aarushi's parents blew him and shattered his "body and soul". Through his open letter he makes an appeal for people to continue the fight against injustice and articulates his disappointment with the "institutions, by establishments, be they are police, media, CBI or judiciary."

The war veteran ends the letter on a rather emotional note. "Sometimes I wonder if this is the country I dreamt about, and fought for," said Aarushi's grandfather.

THE LETTER OF HER FATHER

I had an angel - Aarushi - as my granddaughter who was lovingly brought up at our - her Grandparents' house - since she was born in May 1994. I had seen her blossom into a doe eyed, beautiful, radiant and sparkling young girl who brought into our lives boundless happiness and joy.

But the destiny, at its worst, separated us from her just as she turned 14 year old, in a most cruel manner. She was murdered in her own house, in her own bed.

When I saw her lifeless like a doll in her bed, I was numb with unimaginable shock. I could see faces around me with pairs of eyes following me. Some with curiosity, some moist, some with unbelievable blank expression, to fathom what had happened. I saw my daughter Nupur crying copiously and Rajesh - Aarushi's father, moving around aimlessly, not knowing what was happening around.

The days passed, with a boorish local police trying to investigate the murder in a disinterested manner culminating into the arrest of Rajesh, and subsequently infamous press briefing by IG Meerut causing unprecedented uproar in the media. UP Police had repeatedly warned us not to talk to as it would adversely impact the case but their motive was otherwise. They wanted to keep us away from the media to hide their incompetence.

The media became ferocious with speculative character assassination of Aarushi and her parents. The onslaught was severe. This bizarre circus continued throughout the trial culminating into an astounding judgement declaring Nupur and Rajesh guilty, and sentencing them to life in prison.

When the judgement was pronounced, I literally sank on my knees, eyes overflowing with tears, body and soul completely battered. Destiny had delivered them and us another crushing blow and my world collapsed around me once more.

At 83, I do not think that I would be alive to see them out of jail, but I want to die knowing that people will continue to fight against this huge injustice. I feel completely let down by the institutions, by establishments, be they are police, media, CBI or judiciary.

I am not asking for anything wrong to be done. I am not asking anything more than what is legally due to them. Just as I have protected the country's honour when I was in the air force, is it not their right for a free and fair trial, and restore their honour, or whatever is still left by now? I fought two wars for this country, I served the country with honesty, integrity and utmost dedication, and at this old age, this is what I get in return from every respected institution of this country?

Indo-Pakistani Border

The India and Pakistan Border, known locally as the International Border (IB), is aninternational border running between Indiaand Pakistan that demarcates the Indianstates and the four provinces of Pakistan. The border runs from the Line of Control(LoC), which separates the Indian controlled Kashmir from Pakistan controlled Kashmir, in the north, to Wagah, which partitioned the Indian Punjab state and Punjab Province of Pakistan, in the east. The Zero Pointseparates the Indian states of Gujarat andRajasthan to Sindh province of Pakistan, in the south.

Drafted and created based upon theRadcliffe line in 1947, the border, which separates Pakistan and India from each other, traverses a variety of terrains ranging from major urban areas to inhospitable deserts. From the Arabian sea, the naval border follows the course of Manora Islandof Pakistan to the course of the Mumbai Harbour, in the South east. Since independence of India and Pakistan, the border has been a site of numerous conflicts and wars between each country, and is one of the most complex borders in the world.The border's total length is 1,800 mi (2,900 km), according to the figures given by the PBS; it is also one of the most dangerous borders in the world, based on an article written in the Foreign Policy in 2011.It can be seen from space at night due to the 150,000 flood lights installed by India on about 50 thousand poles.

Working Boundary, Line of Control, and International Boundary

Basically the borders between the two countries is called as International Border. The border between the two Nations is an internationally recognised frontier from Gujarat/Sindh only with exemption to the Line of Control that is not internationally accepted. The Kashmir disputed region is divided by the 1949 UN ceasefire line, established after the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947, into two main parts and the de facto demarcation dividing Pakistan-administered Kashmir from Indian-administered Kashmirhas been called the Line of Control since 1972.

However, the situation between Pakistan and the Republic of India is some how unique and different. Between Pakistan and India lies the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. On the other side where the internal borders of the Pakistan's Punjab provincial border, is officially called the Working Boundary by Pakistan (which is a recent term) and international border by the Government of India.

1. LOC: Line of control is the boundary between the Pakistani Azad Kashmir andIndian Jammu and Kashmir. It was demarcated after the Simla pact in 1972.
2. International boundary: The demarcated line between the Republic of India and Pakistanrecognised internationally. Sir Cyril RadcliffeDemarcated the land in 1947.

The Mountain Man - Dashrath Manjhi

Dashrath Manjhi, popularly known as the "Mountain Man" is a legend who proved that nothing is impossible to achieve. His life gives a moral lesson that a small man, who has no money and no power can challenge a mighty mountain.
Manjhi's firm determination to carve the huge mountain gives out a strong message that every hurdle can be crossed, if one has kept a firm eye on his goal. His 22 years of hard work became a success, as the road constructed by him is, now used by villagers.

1956: Tale of Pure & Unconditional Love begins
In 1956, Manjhi, a native of Gahlaur village near Gaya district in Bihar, was married off in his childhood. As a grown-up man, when he returned to his village after working in Dhanbad coal mines for seven years, he fell head-over-heels in love with a village girl, Falguni Devi.

To his surprise, that girl turned out to be his childhood bride. But her father denied to send Falguni Devi with Dashrath, as he was jobless.
But Dashrath was firm to bring Falguni back into his life and both elope. They started living as husband and wife. Falguni gave birth to a baby boy. In 1960, she again became pregnant.

About Gahlour village
Gahlaur is a remote and backward village, where caste system prevails. People belonging to backward castes are ill-treated by the village's mukhiya (leader), who is corrupt till deep neck. Women are considered as a mere object, by the powerful people of the village.
'Development' word seems to be an alien term for them. Dalits are not even allowed to look into the eyes of village mukhiya. If they dare, they are brutally beaten.
Poor villagers have to traverse through a narrow and treacherous pass to cross a huge mountain, located between Attari and Wazirgunj blocks in Gaya district, for their daily needs and for transport connectivity.

A tragedy changed his life 
One day, Falguni, who was heavily pregnant, was taking lunch for her husband to the fields, for which she needed to climb the mountain in the scorching heat.
Unfortunately, Falguni's foot got slipped and she fell down from the mountain, while hungry Dashrath was waiting for the food. Then someone from the village alerted Dashrath that his wife has fallen down from the mountain.
Dashrath runs into panic and took her blood-splattered wife to the nearest hospital that was 70 kms away, where she was declared brought dead, but she gave a birth to a baby girl.

1960: A tale of revenge begins
The heart-broken Manjhi, who loved his wife more than anything else in the world, began cursing the huge mountain and vowed to bring it down to break its ego.
In the memory of his beloved wife, determined Manjhi took a hammer and a chisel and embarked on a tough and almost impossible mission. He decided to carve out a path, so that no other person suffers like her wife.
Villagers and even his father ridiculed him for challenging a huge mountain. But Manjhi was adamant on his firm decision.
A local journalist caught his attention and approached him why he was hell-bent on cutting the mountain.
Years passed on, during which Gahlour was hit by a massive drought and villagers evacuated the village. Dashrath's father taunted him that what he had achieved in last so many years? He tried to convince Dashrath to accompany them to a city, where he could earn bread for his two children.
But, Dashrath decided to continue on his herculean task. With no water and no food, Dashrath was forced to drink dirty water and eat leaves.

1975: Emergency
In 1975, the country plunged into darkness due to emergency declared by the Indira Gandhi-led government. She went to Bihar to address a rally, where Dashrath also reached. The stage where Indira was addressing a crowded rally came crashing down. Swiftly, Manjhi, along with other villagers, bore the burden of the fallen stage
 so that Indira could continue her speech.
When the rally got over, Manjhi, somehow, managed to get a picture clicked with Indira Gandhi.
The greedy mukhiya thought that now Dashrath is little known in front of the PM, so, like a chameleon, he lured Dashrath that if he gives his thumb print, then, they would be able to get funds from the government for the construction of road from the mountain side.
But poor Dashrath was cheated by him and he decided to complaint against him to the PM.

Humiliated Dashrath returns back to tame the mountain
With all of his hopes shattered, Dashrath who had grew very older, by then, felt that he has failed and his efforts have not yielded any positive results.
A ray of hope arose when few villagers join Dashrath in his uphill task of carving out a path. But, that too, was marred by some local officials who threatened Dashrath and villagers not to be present around the mountain. They even got him arrested.
But, the journalist appeared to be a messiah for him and lodged a protest in front of a police station, to release Dashrath.
Manjhi's efforts yield positive results
Dashrath, single-handedly carved out a 360-feet-long, 30-feet-high and 30-feet-wide passage through the mountain. He made the difference into the lives of villagers by shortening the 55 kms distance into 15 kms.
Finally, in 1982, Manjhi's 22 years of toil and labour brought a new morning, when the government roped-in to make the road by carving the mountain.
In 2006, his name was proposed for Padma Shri Award in social service.

On Aug 17, 2007, Manjhi passed away at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), due to gall bladder cancer, at the age of 73. Bihar government had accorded state funeral to him.
Before dying, Manjhi had given his thumb impression on an agreement and gave away "exclusive rights" to make a biopic on his life.

2011: Government officially names the road as "Dashrath Manjhi Path"
Salute to the indomitable spirit of Manjhi!

William Shakespeare A Famous Poet

Synopsis

William Shakespeare was baptized on April 26, 1564, in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. From roughly 1594 onward he was an important member of the Lord Chamberlain’s Men company of theatrical players. Written records give little indication of the way in which Shakespeare’s professional life molded his artistry. All that can be deduced is that over the course of 20 years, Shakespeare wrote plays that capture the complete range of human emotion and conflict.

Early Life

Though no birth records exist, church records indicate that a William Shakespeare was baptized at Holy Trinity Church in Stratford-upon-Avon on April 26, 1564. From this, it is believed he was born on or near April 23, 1564, and this is the date scholars acknowledge as William Shakespeare's birthday.

Located 103 miles west of London, during Shakespeare's time Stratford-upon-Avon was a market town bisected with a country road and the River Avon. William was the third child of John Shakespeare, a leather merchant, and Mary Arden, a local landed heiress. William had two older sisters, Joan and Judith, and three younger brothers, Gilbert, Richard and Edmund. Before William's birth, his father became a successful merchant and held official positions as alderman and bailiff, an office resembling a mayor. However, records indicate John's fortunes declined sometime in the late 1570s.

Scant records exist of William's childhood, and virtually none regarding his education. Scholars have surmised that he most likely attended the King's New School, in Stratford, which taught reading, writing and the classics. Being a public official's child, William would have undoubtedly qualified for free tuition. But this uncertainty regarding his education has led some to raise questions about the authorship of his work and even about whether or not William Shakespeare ever existed.

Establishing Himself

By 1597, 15 of the 37 plays written by William Shakespeare were published. Civil records show that at this time he purchased the second largest house in Stratford, called New House, for his family. It was a four-day ride by horse from Stratford to London, so it is believed that Shakespeare spent most of his time in the city writing and acting and came home once a year during the 40-day Lenten period, when the theaters were closed.

By 1599, William Shakespeare and his business partners built their own theater on the south bank of the Thames River, which they called the Globe. In 1605, Shakespeare purchased leases of real estate near Stratford for 440 pounds, which doubled in value and earned him 60 pounds a year. This made him an entrepreneur as well as an artist, and scholars believe these investments gave him the time to write his plays uninterrupted.

Sarbjit singh Died In Pakistan

Sarabjit Singh: Indian 'spy' dies after Pakistan attack

• 2 May 2013
 
• India

Sarabjit Singh's situation had long been a thorn in Indian-Pakistani relations, and Indian children prayed for his recovery on Monday

An Indian man convicted of spying by a court in Pakistan has died after being attacked last week by fellow inmates, medical officials and his lawyer said.

Sarabjit Singh, was attacked with bricks by prisoners in Lahore's Kot Lakhpat jail on Friday.

He fell into a coma and died at 01:00 on Thursday morning (20:00 Wednesday GMT) in Lahore's Jinnah hospital.

Indian PM Manmohan Singh's office said the perpetrators should be brought to justice for the "barbaric" attack.

Singh was sentenced to death for spying and his role in bomb attacks that killed 14 people in Pakistan in 1990.

His family, who had only just returned to India after visiting him in hospital, always insisted Singh was innocent and had strayed into Pakistan by mistake when he was arrested.

But mercy petitions were rejected by Pakistani courts and former President Pervez Musharraf.

India had appealed for Singh, 49, to be released or transferred to India over concerns about his treatment following his attack. He had sustained several serious injuries, including a fractured skull.

In a tweet, Manmohan Singh's office wrote: "Particularly regrettable that the Govt of Pakistan did not heed the pleas.... to take a humanitarian view of this case".

Indian Home Minister Sushilkumar Shinde said Delhi was negotiating with Islamabad about the repatriation of the body.

Sarabjit Singh's lawyer Owais Sheikh earlier said his client's death was "feared", according to the AFP news agency.

Sarabjit Singh's family returned to India on Wednesday after visiting him in hospital

"His condition was more than critical and he had less chances of survival," the doctor added.

A doctor told AFP arrangements were under way for an autopsy.

The issue risks stirring fresh tensions in relations between nuclear-armed neighbours - and long-time rivals - India and Pakistan, correspondents say.

Strains had already increased in the past six months with the execution in India of Kashmiri Afzul Guru over the 2001 attack on India's parliament, and of Mohammed Ajmal Qasab, a Pakistani who was the sole surviving perpetrator of the 2008 Mumbai attacks.

Mr Sheikh said his client had received threats after Guru's execution.

Sarabjit Singh was reportedly attacked on Friday as he and other prisoners were brought out of their cells for a one-hour break.

Two inmates were charged with attempted murder and two officials suspended.

Healthy Tips

High-Calorie Foods That Are Good for Your Health

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  Quinoa

  En español | It's the only whole grain with 9 essential amino acids, making it a complete protein. Quinoa is high in fiber and omega-3 fatty acids, which are good for the heart and controlling diabetes. Eat in moderation, as you would pasta and rice, because each cup of cooked quinoa has 222 calories. 
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  Peanut Butter

  It's rich in protein and healthy fats, and low in cholesterol. Peanut Butter has been linked to improved fat burning, muscle mass buildup and even cardiovascular health. At 100 calories per tablespoon, it should be consumed in moderation. 
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  Avocados

  Avocados are rich in lutein, fiber, vitamins B6, C and E, potassium, magnesium and folic acid. Its monounsaturated fats help reduce LDL (bad) cholesterol and can help prevent heart disease. A medium avocado has approximately 276 calories.